Food Security in Society

Food Security â€Å"There is no sincerer love than the affection for food,† George Bernard Shaw a scholarly pundit once said. His announcement sounds accurate, as food takes care of the elements of society. Nonetheless, not all nations feel the pad of a full dinner every day. Consistently 15 million youngsters bite the dust from hunger. Shortage of food is a plague influencing individuals everywhere throughout the world. Accordingly, food security, the entrance by which all individuals whenever can approach enough nutritious nourishment for a person to have a sound life, is an essential piece of a nations concern.Nigeria is one such nation, in the same way as other others where food security is of high concern. Not, at this point an underdeveloped nation, starting at 2005, Nigeria has been pronounced a working class nation and keeps on creating from that point. In any case, this doesn't make Nigeria excluded from the severity of craving and the deficiency of food. Authoritativ ely named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Nigeria is a nation situated in West Africa with its outskirts being encircled by Chad, Benin, Cameroon and Niger. Nigeria is the most populated nation in Africa and the seventh generally populated in the whole world.Naturally, with such a high populace the sum and creation of food is a huge worry for the administration. As expressed by Olyeran-Oyeyinkain the book, The Gene Revolution and Global Food Security, â€Å"Agriculture has become a significant supporter of the Nigeria's economy. Representing about 40% of (GDP) and utilizing about 60% of the work force† (Olyeran 117). The fundamental yields that laborers drudge on are as per the following: beans (assortments which incorporate cocoa beans, soy beans) sesame, cashews, cassava, groundnuts, gum arabic, kola nut, corn, melon, millet, palm portions, palm oil, plantains, rice, elastic, Guinea corn, and yams.Because of the a wide range of atmospheres that Nigeria has, it is feasible for it to develop these changing harvests. Be that as it may, agribusiness with bigger measured harvests is certifiably not a typical type of cultivating for the nation. What’s halting bigger creation isn't basic factors, for example, shortage of water or even a suitable atmosphere to prosper in, however it is limited because of low ripeness in the dirt. This prevents numerous harvests from growing. Additionally, absence of development prevents from cultivating on a greater scale too. Domesticated animals is certifiably not a gigantic factor in the nation anymore.Though cultivating isn't as enormous scope as it could be, it has assumed control over the land and made deficient homes for the creatures live in. Overabundance of populace has likewise caused the nations round of elephants, tigers, wild ox, panthers, and other major game to be found in either creature stores or remote wide open territories. The creatures are compelled to discover homes somewhere else. Eland, monkey s and jackals are still more ordinarily far reaching and seen all the more frequently in Nigeria. The greater game might be difficult to get yet the regular animals eaten in Nigeria is as per the following: steers, jackass, duck, geese, goat, chicken, guinea fowls, pigeon, pigs, sheep, and turkey.Meat is a boundless type of nourishment in the nation, however crops are a substantially more typical thing to be feasted upon. Fisheries likewise give a lot of assets for the way of life cooking. Most well known fish life incorporates crab, shrimp, shark and moon fish. With this stated, food security in Nigeria has not been the best throughout the years, with poor cultivating assets and food being re-appropriated, the greater part of the nation has been left eager. In any case, starting at a 2010 food security survey of Nigeria, things have been looking up.After the developing season finished in 2010 food supplies were on the higher side at both family and market levels. In many pieces of northern Nigeria the animals costs and family food hold levels as of January 2010 are at a moderate cost. These two components are key components in deciding food security. This doesn't state that social hardship doesn't in any case downpour preeminent in the nation. Recuperation from a troublesome appetite season for the most part shows a moderate development, anyway in 2010 the craving season had passed by quicker than anticipated due to thee above tended to uncommon costs of domesticated animals and crops.Commonly in Nigeria they redistribute to different nations so as to make a benefit off of their yields. While this gives them an expansion in financial income, it leaves their kin hungry because of absence of nutritious nourishments. This re-appropriating of food is one of the significant reasons for the poor food security that Nigeria has regularly had. Prior to their common war, which happened in 1973, Nigeria was generally independent in worries to nourishments. Be that as it may, after the war, imports and fares of food expanded ten times. Bread is the most widely recognized import, incidentally enough imported from the United States.Major trades incorporate oil, cocoa, corn, sweet potatoes and cotton build up. To make more salary, rather than having an overflow of food, the food is auctions off, leaving the nation short for its residents, hence making for an extremely poor food security. The cash that they at that point make isn't utilized exclusively for taking care of the individuals. In spite of there being a prohibition on sending out a great deal of significant food sources, for example, milk, sugar, and flour, a free horticultural exchange advertise was at last settled in the 1980’s. A subsequent driving reason in the poor food security is the generally happening oil slicks that occur in Nigeria.Nigeria is a huge join forces with the US, as it imports a great deal of the United States oil to the nation. The Delta locale of Nigeria is the territory that is hit hardest by these oil slicks. The Department of Petroleum Resources evaluated 1. 89 million barrels of oil were spilled into the Delta somewhere in the range of 1976 and 1996 out of the aggregate of 2. 4 million barrels between these year sections. Tidy up was moderate and waste administration of the slime from ongoing oil slick mishaps, just as from the ones recently expressed, is as yet a significant worry for financial expenses. A mediation plan is workable for the nation of Nigeria.The Nigerian government has endorsed a few strategies and attempted various strides so as to help improve food security in Nigeria. These plans incorporate the accompanying: the National Plan of Action for Food and Nutrition, Primary Health Care Approach, Catchments Area Planning and Action, Gender Informed Nutrition and Agriculture, and National Special Program on Food Security. Government in Nigeria’s fundamental spotlight anyway is on their strategy entitled â€Å"Food and Nutrition Policy for Nigeria. † This approach was instituted in 2002 and sets explicit objectives to be met.These incorporate the decrease of ailing health among youngsters under five by in any event 30% by 2010, and decrease of micronutrient inadequacies. The principle micronutrient lack concern being with nutrient An, iodine and iron. Their expectations were to bring down this by half constantly 2010 also. Absence of information and innovation is a primary impediment to any strategies and activities set out by the Nigerian government. With every one of these plans being investigated, trusts are that Nigeria can lessen the number of inhabitants in hungry significantly more in the up and coming years. Be that as it may, if soil research isn't picked up into settling these issues, setting orth approaches might be futile if there is no activity to back them up. Works Cited Department of Petroleum Resources. 2009. 20 11 2009. Akinyele, Isaac. Worldwide Food Policy and Researc h Institute. Garki, Abuja Nigeria. 2010. 20 11 2011. Countries Encyclopedia. 2011. 20 11 2009. Olyeran-Oyeyinka, Banji Gehl Sampath, Padmashee. The Gene Revolution and Global Food Security. Palgrave Macmillan. Basingtoke Hampshire, GBR. 11 2009. 20 11 2011. 117. Think Exist. 1999. 20 11 2009. Think Quest. 20 11 2009. US Department of Agriculture-Food and Nutrition. Alexandria, VA. 20 11 2011. USAID. 1 2011. 20 11 2009.

A Formal Application Essay Example For Students

A Formal Application Essay The Ambiguity of DeathSince the making of man, certain basic desires have been engraved into the people mind. Out of a large number of those the intuition of death is incorporated, likely originating from the need of slaughtering to acquire ones food. The sense of death remains today and has been changed, adjusted, smothered and exemplified. In A Formal Application the unexpected hypothesis of applying passing as a lifestyle is depicted through a keeps an eye on demonstration of executing a winged creature. The sonnet courses through the work on, arranging and execution of a typical winged animal. The peak of the sonnet comes when he alludes to his demonstration of viciousness as an Audubon Crucifix. Through different models in history he approves this pointless cross. A Formal Application rejoins mankind by deifying the significance of death. The structure of the sonnet is isolated into three segments containing three refrains each. There is no clear rhyme conspire making it a free refrain and exposition piece. The setting is outside, probably near the speakers house, and encompassed by timberland and untamed life. It happens in the mid 1900s and most likely in the spring-time. This piece is assembled of nine triplets isolated into three areas. The primary segment of three triplets begins with the speaker sharpening his blade tossing abilities. In the main segment the speaker begins his preparation. By this training he naturally discloses to us that he needs for this activity to happen perfectly.By consummating his abilities he affirms to us the significance of this demonstration to him. In the main refrain he starts to figure out how to exact torment with his blade by tossing it. He forms a kitchen utensil into a lethal weapon by upgrading his tossing abilities. The subsequent verse shows his movement from simply tossing the blade, to hitting an objective. The last refrain includes him focusing on a moving item. This shows he will incur hurt on a living thing with his weapon of decision With his methods for weaponry characterized we learn he despite everything needs a moving objective as well as a living one. The following area of triplets means his arranging and tempting of his prey. In the main refrain he begins to weave his exercise of double dealing by showing the winged creatures. By fooling the winged creatures into intuition he is a wellspring of food, he picks up the important component of shock he requirements for his later execution. The second and the third verse the speaker focuses on picking up the trust and certainty of the winged animals by tricking them with bread pieces. With his preys certainty picked up he is prepared to strike. The creators knowledge is spotted all through the last three refrains. At first, he states I will organize adapted reflex. This is the primary sign of his thinking behind this unmitigated negligence of living things. By building up his educated attribute of slaughtering he presently feels he has qualified as the Modern Man. The subsequent refrain offers a peculiar portrayal of the homicide. At that point the speaker affirms his captivation by picking up prevalence through death by naming this murdering the Audubon Crucifix. This name contains the word cross in light of the fact that, as indicated by the prevalent view, the main passing that carried life to this world was when Jesus Christ was killed. Strict undertones are associated with the name in light of the fact that by supporting and approving his rough demonstration he can feel like a Modern Man. In the third verse he goes significantly further trying to relate his to some degree little scope execute to the couple of significa nt butchers of our history. Initially, with the word devout he again identifies with religion by alluding to his title as sacred. At that point he includes three instances of emotional viciousness. The first is Arbeit Macht Frei, an amusing adage for the holocaust importance work brings opportunity. In the inhumane imprisonments detainees were worked so brutaly, practically every one of them kicked the bucket, along these lines demise becomes opportunity. This thought bolsters the speakers utilization of life by saying passing is the main opportunity and by executing you are enabled to allow that opportunity. The last two models are the Enola Gay and the Molotov Cocktail. The Enloa Gay is the plane that dropped the nuclear bomb on Japan. This again relates probably the best slaughter throughout the entire existence of the world to his negligible insubordinate savagery. .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .postImageUrl , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:hover , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:visited , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:active { border:0!important; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:active , .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:hover { murkiness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content beautification: underline; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u18814206c58317 b754be5d272ca27da6 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u18814206c58317b754be5d272ca27da6:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Technology and custom curriculum EssayThrough the speakers vicious activities he feels better than others in spite of his defenses being substantially more critical then his own demonstration. He makes a Catch 22 by approving his Audubon Crucifix with the absolute most noteworthy killings on the planet. The speaker undoubtedly needs to encounter a greater amount of this force which supports keeps an eye on basic inclination for prevalence. A portion of humankind, including the speaker, can feel prevalence through the profaning of others. At the point when these individuals execute, they feel a definitive force. The basic conundru m all through the sonnet is life originates from death and passing is important to life.Death is simply one more conventional utilization of life.

A Boring Friday Night (guest post by Nina L. 19)

A Boring Friday Night (guest post by Nina L. ‘19) Last Friday night I came home from lab, took off my jewelry, wondered what to do with myself, and fell asleep on the couch. There are a lot of Friday nights like this, and a lot of Fridays spent studying or coding. Many of us have big adventures and exciting weeks, and I do too, but most adventures are smaller ventures, and lots of evenings, especially as we settle into the semester, are exciting in smaller ways. The rest of this post is by Nina L. ‘19, about her Friday night. Tonight Lujan and I went to Harvard Square to get Dominos. We had decided we needed to get away. The semester is starting to heat up and being off P/NR is mildly terrifying. I had a shadow today and Lujan met me at Building 26 and we talked to her and her dad about why we had chosen MIT a bit. We departed and hung out in Lujan’s room at EC. His roommate moved out to another dorm so he has a single now and it’s pretty huge. I low-key hate him. “Eric” (because Lujan is someone who can’t decide if he should go by his first or last name), I said as I swung back and forth on his hammock, “I have a 6.004 lab and quiz to study for, a thing for my UROP I don’t know how to code, and an essay due Tuesday. Why do I always screw my weekends over?” “Honey, I wish I knew.” We ordered the pizza and hopped on the T. We talked about life. We laughed and had those heavy moments of rocks in our throats and chests. “Life sure does suck sometimes.” “Yea.” It was $6 for a large, two topping pizza. We got bacon and sausage and ate the whole thing. We were going to take it back to campus, but we ended up eating it there because we were too cold. “Do people eat at Domino’s?” Eric mused, “Like is this a thing that happens in real life?” The photos of stock models posed with various pizza and cinnamon sticks displayed were pretty creepy. I don’t blame him for being dubious. We talked more. About tour guiding and spring break plans and summer and movies and how weird college really is. “Someday we’re gonna have it figured out.” I said, “Come senior year we’re going to have it figured out, right?” “That’s what we’ll keep believing.” Eric asked about my love life and I laughed. We both haven’t been doing great in that department, so it’s nice to have a single friend to laugh about it over. “Have you ever looked at a Domino’s box? Do people do that?” he asked, flipping it around in his hand. “This thing has a patent,” he said, “A patent.” We talked about other pizza box designs, because we’re nerds. The air was cold and fresh. We chose to walk back to campus. Central Square was lit up and alive. We stopped at Starbucks and I tried a butterscotch Frappuccino. It was actually pretty good, not gonna lie. “Eric,” I said, “I think we just lost all of our hipster points.” “We had hipster points?” We parted at Main St where he walked back to EC and I walked back to MacGregor, where I pecked at work in my room and hung out with J Entry. I didn’t do laundry, though. I really need to. But half of my essay is written and I watched some videos about what I’m trying to code tonight. I know, my Friday night is pretty lame. I have a lot to do this weekend, but I feel more on top of things this semester. I’m going to the library tomorrow with some friends to work on 6.004 and my UROP code. I spent a lot of time in MacGregor last weekend because of how cold it was and I’m going stir crazy. Tomorrow we’re having a study break for the potential GRTs. I can’t wait to play poker and meet them. I know this weird account of my life is probably boring but…I think it’s important to see the highs and lows and in betweens here. Anyways, I have an early morning tomorrow, so I’m off to bed. Here’s to a (hopefully) productive weekend.

Immigration Restrictions Essay - 930 Words

Total inhalation of immigration would not be a healthy choice for the United States. However, setting out for stricter laws to become a citizen is in need. There are over 11.7 million illegal immigrants in the United States (poll 2011). Therefore, having restrictions on immigration overall can help the economy grow, security at airports, docs, borders, and on the streets would not only lessen the illegal immigrants around the country, but supply more jobs for Americans. Illegal immigrants not only live in the U.S, but are supplied jobs in which were made for American workers. Naturalization Act of 1870: Control Naturalization Process and penalization of fraudulent practices. The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) allowed the U.S. to suspend†¦show more content†¦(R. Stell) This is to help bring jobs back to the Americans and crack down on illegal immigrants. The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) of 1952 brought all the various immigration laws together in one organized act. In 2009, out of all immigrant households, legal and illegal, with children (under 18) 57 percent used at least one welfare program, compared native households with children that came in about 39 percent. Fifty-two percent of households with children headed by legal immigrants were estimated to used at least one welfare program in 2009, compared to 71 percent for illegal immigrant households with children. Illegal immigrants generally receive benefits on behalf of their U.S.-born children. Due to low education levels more than half of the working immigrant households with children still accessed the welfare system during 2009 (Camarota). Cutting down on the amount of immigrants into the country can help to increase benefits for American citizens. This includes but is not limited to: food assistance, Medicaid, cash assistance, and public and subsidized housing. Security purposes would decrease the amount of unidentified immigrants. In 2011, ICE removed more than 396,000 individuals. 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What Does 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Mean?

What Does 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Mean? The 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Game There are various sorts. The writers ought to be able to stick to the directions given in order to avoid revisions and make sure the clients are fulfilled by the quality of work. As you read each post, underline parts that provide you ideas you may use to support various pieces of your paper. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, and make sure you are getting the very best service our company may deliver. The Basics of 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Generalizations Avoiding general statements or generalizations is a significant tool to generate a potent statement. Present a Simile or Metaphor Similes and metaphors are some of the the most effective linguistic devices out there. Expository writing's major goal is to explain. High school and elementary students will need to discover the advantages of a healthful diet and learn about foods that support this diet program. Many debate what a suitable age to get a cellphone is. Technology or social networking topics are something which everyone wishes to investigate because so a lot of us are concerned about our own use of phone and societal media. Even children are getting to be obese and developing type two diabetes. The Number One Question You Must Ask for 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Moreover, the business should have experienced speech writers in order to have the ability to provide persuasive speech. As an example, writers who have less one year experience may not have the ability to provide persuasive speech. Your audience ought to be able to fix the issue. Addressing the proper audience is critical. What 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Is - and What it Is Not Although having the ability to write persuasively can look like a challenging thing for children to learn, remind them that everyone has valid opinions. You've got no clue where to get started. Don't hesitate to be creative, but don't forget to directly handle the question you've been asked! The question could possibly be part of your introduction, or it may make a terrific title. How to Choose 5th Grade Persuasive Essay Topics Still, online courses aren't the solution. For example, the students find it difficult to choose the most suitable topic. On the flip side, writers who have over five years experience are ready to opt for the very best topic and develop it in line with the needs of the customer. Understanding how to choose and prepare healthful and nutritious food is a really important skill in life. The most important point of having you compose the essay is to find out how much you understand about what you're being taught in class. The experience the writers have determines the sort of work they're ready to offer you. The very truth that continuation schools exist proves the point that numerous children simply cannot cope with th e demands of homework or other facets of normal school. There's a rotation at school, and it's your decision and your class to produce a lunch menu for the week. Over the duration of the calendar year, the student takes 8 unique classes. The school day ought to be shorter. You might have to compose such an essay for one of your classes apart from English. Sociology essays handle the study of human social behavior in a society, therefore, it is quite interesting for the students who want to know more about human psyche but boring for people who don't like studying their species. These topics aren't suggested for middle school students. Just like any students, the ideal essay topics are the ones that relate to the kids. When it is argumentative or informative essays, you must develop a topic that may grab the interest of the reader very quickly and this isn't such an easy job. Most issues can have essays on all the above mentioned questions. Persuasive essays are a fantastic method to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. Writing and essay is an excellent method to talk about your own ideas with different individuals. If you're going to compose an interesting, unique essay, you will have to do research. Think about your essay's thesis for a promise to your audience about what type of analysis you've made for the books and allow it to be specific. To begin with, you may want to take a look at my list of 150 topic tips for essays that explain. PaperCoach can assist you with all your papers, so take a look at the moment!

Television and Cultural Change Free Essays

Television and Cultural Change Research Paper: 1. Introduction Once considered a complete luxury for a family to own, the television has become a stable fixture in British and American households over the past few decades. In recent years, it has become unusual for a family not to own a television set and now it is just as uncommon for a family to own just one. We will write a custom essay sample on Television and Cultural Change or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Britain, the years spanning from 1955 to 1969 saw an increase from 40 percent to 93 per cent of the population owning a television set (Silverstone, 1994, p. 67). Television or â€Å"TV† has become a prominent source for news and entertainment for billions of people around the world. For this, among other reasons, the concept of TV and its content has been the subject of much academic discourse and controversy. A lot of this discourse focuses on the ways television affects changes in societies’ behaviour and culture. This is visible via various scholarly communities. For example, up until 1982, psychologists had conducted over 2000 studies regarding the imitation of violence in the mass media. Economists and market researchers have performed similar types of empirical studies regarding imitation and suggestion in advertising (Bollen and Phillips, 1982, p. 802). This paper will combine findings of similar studies in an aim to examine the way television both mediates and contributes to cultural shifts in societies, particularly in Britain and the United States of America. 2. The Interplay of Institutions, Markets and Audiences Television drama, news, factual programming and the transformation of public service broadcasting have all played a huge role in the development of British and American society and cultural change. These changes currently present themselves through communications held between institutions, markets, and audiences. For instance, the consideration of an audience as a market instead of as the public by all types of institutions is the source for much controversy and debate (Walter, 2000, p. 67). This point will be further touched upon when discussing pubic service broadcasting and market-led broadcasting but first we must grasp a general understanding of cultural response to television as media. 3. Positive and Negative Response in Society The communications that develop can be positive, in the case of an increase in democratic involvement or participation in the community but it can be also be negative, in the case of controversial programming, which can arguably contribute to the loss of a child’s innocence and even impair one’s ability to develop critical thinking skills. According to Bernard Berelson, a prominent American behavioural scientist, those with the greatest mass media exposure are much more likely to know a candidate’s stance on various issues (McCombs and Shaw, 1972, p. 77). On the contrary, Kenneth Bollen and David Phillips reported a prime example of how news can lead to a negative change in a society. A study that was performed and then replicated for a different time period showed that suicides had increased immediately following (10 days proceeding) a news report of a suicide in the surrounding region (1982). In order to ensure that changes are beneficial and that they contribu te to the greater good of people, in this case in Britain and the U. S. A, studies such as this one must be produced and analysed. The study should offer insights, convey patterns, and report facts that can be applied in a practical way. As in the aforementioned case, it is evident that those who produce media have a responsibility for what they produce, whether it is fiction or fact. If watching a news report can incite someone to act on something as extreme as the contemplation of suicide, it may very well do the same for matters of a different nature 4. Public Service Broadcasting and the Free Market When television was invented, it altered all preceding media of news and entertainment as well as many of our institutions and forms of social relationships (Williams and Williams, 1992). In the public service broadcasting system, the consensus was that television media should be used for the good of the public and that access is guaranteed for all citizens (Walter, 2000, p. 67). Instead, private profit and gain enforced by market-led broadcasting, has compromised the idea of equality in terms of ability to receive information. This dissipation of equality stems from the differences in the general understanding of the roles that broadcasting plays (Walter, 2000, p63). The role that public service broadcasting plays is relevant today even with the new communication technologies of cable and satellite as the former provides quality programming which aims to raise cultural standards and provide a forum for democratic discussion and debate while the latter provides choice merely through exclusion, predicated by the ability of the consumer to pay for the additional services provided (Walter, 2000, p. 4). The Protocol to the Amsterdam Treaty dated June 1997 on public service broadcasting states â€Å"the system of public service broadcasting†¦is directly related to the democratic, social and cultural needs of each society†¦ to preserve media pluralism†, and it is in itself the reason why PSB is still relevant today, even for those states who did not sign on this treaty. 5. Understanding and Criti quing News Programming If one should ever listen in on a families’ after dinner conversation, one could often hear a parent commanding his or her offspring to â€Å"Turn that junk off! or questioning them as to â€Å"Why don’t you watch something educational instead? † and other comments of similar nature. The non-junk and educational content they are often referring to is factual programming such as the news. However, even with something as objective as the news there are still a few elements that one should consider when determining its quality and contribution to the viewing audience, as the point of contact between the people, events and politics. The objectivity of a news report should always be considered, just as the bias in a study or an experiment is considered in scientific communities. Many networks, even those provided through PSB, often have agendas and side with a political group. Furthermore, news stations are often pressured to deliver information that will grasp the attention of the viewer foremost, with the achievement of a quality report being a secondary goal. Considering factors such as the frequency and threshold of reported events can help in one’s appraisal. To exemplify the former, one can reflect on a news program dealing with the economic status of the country. If it focuses on temporary events that will not re-occur and do not help draw a picture of the economy as a whole, it is not a quality report. As for threshold, for instance, after the murder of John Lennon, events, which would normally not be considered newsworthy, received more coverage than they should have due to the public’s demand for therapy (Hartley, 1992, p. 76). A rule of thumb for news reporters is that bad news is good news (Hartley, 1992, pg. 76). However, as mentioned in a previous section of this report, empirical evidence shows that this is definitely not he case for the audience, considering the outcome suicide reports have on the subjected audiences behavioral changes. 6. Conclusions 6. 1. The Effects of Television on Society Television has many supporters and critics alike. Some argue that it brings people closer and some maintain that it can cause a divide in a community or even in a family. The way that one comes to these conclusions is by drawing question s such as the following. Do those who are not entitled to as much information due to economic reasons going to feel excluded and unworthy? Does media, such as television, contribute to a decrease of peoples’ participation in politics, the social environment and traditional leisure programs? Does locally produced programming strengthen the local community? These questions, among many others , should be answered in a proper analysis of television’s effect on people. Because those who are raised within a society develop and contribute that society’s culture more, it is vital to pay attention to its younger population. 6. 2. The Effects of Television on Young People Young people, in particular, have very malleable minds and are greatly affected by the things they see on television. In Sonia Silverstone’s Young People and the New Media, this phenomenon is thoroughly examined (1994). In this article, Silverstone reports of a British team of researchers who posed these types of questions in the form of survey questionnaire and interviews. The subjects ranged in age, gender and social and educational backgrounds in hopes of correlating media usage and effect across different segments of population. Findings showed that although television is considered an adequate source of information, it is also used to fill in the boring gaps of a child’s life. Television has the ability to shape a child’s emotions and it has effects on family life (Silverstone, 1994, p. 64, p. 68). 6. 3. The Effects of Television on the Domestic Space A crucial position in which TV has affected society can be viewed from within the domestic space. The television set has visibly transformed domestic arrangements over the years. In prior times, only the wealthy homes had a set in the family room. In more recent years, television has overtaken individual space as well, allowing for less family communication, a pattern which is now repeating itself with personal computers. Domestic time was also affected as television-viewing time has gradually increased over the years, once again allowing for less family time and communication. An outstanding statistic shows that at one point, Europe’s highest television viewing times belonged to the British population aged 9-16 (Silverstone, 1994, p. 69). In the same year, every age group from 10-16 years old reportedly preferred to watch TV alone as opposed to with friends, siblings, parents or anyone else (Livingstone, 1994). 6. 4. Representation of Reality Our perceptions of reality have been transformed by contemporary celebrity culture via television. The role played by television is that of reinforcement for both the state (which, today can be any figure appearing on a network) and the citizen (the audience). The validation that is provided serves as a means of centralised opinions and styles of behaviour (Williams and Williams, 1992). This is why anxieties about ‘dumbing down’ are in fact legitimate. Let us take an actor who believes that which is not presented in his character on his daytime drama. The audience who views this actor/ actress may adopt to a notion, feeling or belief portrayed by the character, in turn validating the actor/ actress himself of a new belief system, one that he/ she had not previously considered. Should this belief system be one, deemed by professional opinions and the general public, of bad taste, it would mean that this is not quality television, and it does not produce a good quality of change for the general public as a culture. How to cite Television and Cultural Change, Essay examples

Is Hip Hop Dead free essay sample

I can still recall the first hip hop album I listened to. It was Reasonable Doubt by Jay Z. I remember how I instantly fell in love with the lyrics. I hadnt heard anything like it before, primarily because I only listened to R and some watered down rap music. The lyrics were hard hitting. They meant something. I could his hunger through the speakers as he rapped his song entitled Can I Live which said Well we hustle out of a sense of, hopelessness/Sort of a desperation/Through that aspiration, we come addicted/Sorts like the fiends we accustomed to serving (3-6). I also remember how my older brother looked at me like I was an idiot because I was listening to an album that had come out in 1996, in 2001. He didnt quite understand the difference between rap and hip hop music; but saw the difference right away. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Hip Hop Dead or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hip hop means something. Rap Is just a good beat to dance to.On that day, I fell In love with hip hop. It seems as if I was introduced into the entire hip hop culture at the same time. I began to listen too lot more of the music and pay a lot more attention to the fashion and history of this culture. It was like the music was the gateway to the culture. Thats why when Nas said that hip hop was dead, I totally understood what he meant. The lyrics of one of Anas singles say Everybody sound the same, commercialism the game / Reminiscent when it wasnt all business / They forgot where It started / So we all gather here for the dearly departed. Nas took the statement even further by naming his entire album Hip Hop Is Dead. This small statement stirred up a lot of controversy. Although his claim was long awaited by mom, it had come as a surprise to others. Some perceived it as Just another one of the many shots to the up and coming (more specifically southern) rappers. Others took it as a warning to the entire Industry. However, a few people took the statement literally and were in total agreement. No matter what the perception or stand on the debate, everyone agrees that todays rap music lacks the substance that It used to.We are all in agreement that most of the music has become nothing more than a testimony to how much money you have, how many women youve had sex with, how any kilos of coke youve sold, and how many people youve killed in the process. Even with hip hop in such a predicament, some people still feel that hip hop is alive and very well. Michael Eric Tyson for one thinks that the statement was made with the sole purpose of Jump starting the culture. In an article by Charlatans Margin, Tyson was quoted saying, If he thought it was literally dead, [Nas] couldnt be making a hip hop album. (Christian, 55). In his article entitled, Hip Hop is Alive And Vital Tyson argues that hip hop is indeed alive. He says that The most powerful sign hat hip-hop culture is alive, [is the] withering critique from within about the industry. What is meant Is that hip hop isnt dead because they, as artists, are able to see and understand what the problem Is and make changes to better the situation moved from the mean streets of the South Bronx to the dirt roads of the south. Ludicrous wore a t-shirt to a recent award show saying Hip Hop didnt die it moved to the south.Southern rappers have always been the underdogs, overlooked and disrespected. They have also always been the face of change. In the early sasss it was Outcast and Surface, now it Ludicrous and T. . These southern rappers which also include artists like Soul Boy Teller and Webb feel as if their music is Just as good as Nas and Jay Z, and should be respected as such. On the other hand, there are those who do believe that hip hop has died. Kevin Powell states in his article, titled Hip Hop Culture Has Been Murdered that Hip Hop culture has been assassinated by hip hop industry desire to make money by any means necessary. (61) Some rappers today dont have the love for the music anymore. Hip hop has become Just another side hustle. As a result the music has been stripped of TTS substance. Now all that is left is what the record companies think they can market: money, sex and drugs. In the article, Kevin Powell stresses that it isnt only the rappers and record labels faults. Hip Hops blood is also on the hands of the media, including television, radio and magazines because they push these images with no conscience whatsoever (61).Kevin Powell and people who stand behind this viewpoint feel that it is okay to rap about your hardships. If you sold drugs and have been to Jail, thats your experience. They feel that its okay to write about that. However, when the experiences you speak about becomes commercialese for global consumption, without any balance, nor any conceptualization. problems arise because these experiences are now being glorified as if selling drugs and going to Jail is cool rather than being a last resort for some people who have no choice but to live that life (61).My opinion falls in the middle of these two extremes. No, hip hop isnt dead. We still have a few hip hop artists that continue to hold hip hop together. Masc. like Kenya West, Common, Taliban Swell, and Lope Fiasco are still the epitome of the hip hop culture, from their swag to their rhymes. They are still very conscious rappers. Although they rap about a few of the same things that their counterparts speak about, they still rap about things that people need to hear.For example, in one of Kenya Wests most recent songs he discusses how some people make murder look and sound like its okay, saying Chicago had over 600 caskets/man, killings some wacko sit/oh, I forgot, kept for when enigmas is rapping (8-10). However, before we can say that hip hop is alive and vital we must look at the most popular rappers in hip hop right now. Rappers like Boogie and Webb are stabbing hip hop to death. Rappers like them think that they can say whatever they want, Just as long as the beat in the background is good.The chorus of one Webbings song says nothing but these three words: Come here bitchy; however because the beat behind the music is, honestly, awesome, females may even listen to the song. This means although some of the fault lies with the rappers a lot lies with the consumers of hip hop music. Rappers make what the fans want to hear. So, consumers have as much say so as the artists, the record labels, and the media. If they dont listen to the music, rappers and record labels would have no choice but to reduce different types of songs.In turn the media will have no choice but to push I see hip hop today like a person with cancer, but in the early stages. The up and coming rappers, the record label, and the media are all like the abnormal blood cells. Theyre the cause of the problem. They are the reason hip hop is ill (and not in a good way). True hip hop lovers and true hip hop artists are the treatment. It seems like right now, we dont have enough treatment for hip hop to survive. The masses have become accustomed, almost addicted, to this unhealthy form of rap music. The music needs to change and fast.